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文件处理三剑客- -sed

> > 阅读次数： 字数： 2k 时长 ≈ 2 分钟

学习 sed

简介

语法

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sed --help
Usage: sed [OPTION]... {script-only-if-no-other-script} [input-file]...

  -n, --quiet, --silent
                 suppress automatic printing of pattern space
      --debug
                 annotate program execution
  -e script, --expression=script
                 add the script to the commands to be executed
  -f script-file, --file=script-file
                 add the contents of script-file to the commands to be executed
  --follow-symlinks
                 follow symlinks when processing in place
  -i[SUFFIX], --in-place[=SUFFIX]
                 edit files in place (makes backup if SUFFIX supplied)
  -b, --binary
                 open files in binary mode (CR+LFs are not processed specially)
  -l N, --line-length=N
                 specify the desired line-wrap length for the `l' command
  --posix
                 disable all GNU extensions.
  -E, -r, --regexp-extended
                 use extended regular expressions in the script
                 (for portability use POSIX -E).
  -s, --separate
                 consider files as separate rather than as a single,
                 continuous long stream.
      --sandbox
                 operate in sandbox mode (disable e/r/w commands).
  -u, --unbuffered
                 load minimal amounts of data from the input files and flush
                 the output buffers more often
  -z, --null-data
                 separate lines by NUL characters
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit

If no -e, --expression, -f, or --file option is given, then the first
non-option argument is taken as the sed script to interpret.  All
remaining arguments are names of input files; if no input files are
specified, then the standard input is read.

GNU sed home page: <https://www.gnu.org/software/sed/>.
General help using GNU software: <https://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>.
E-mail bug reports to: <bug-sed@gnu.org>.

添加内容

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# 指定行插入文本信息
# file.txt 为添加的内容信息
sed -i '4r file.txt' change_file.txt 

# 在文本行后添加信息
sed -i 's/match_string/&add_string/' change_file.txt

# 在匹配信息的后一行添加带空格的字符串
sed -i '/match_info/i\    add_string' change_file.txt

替换内容

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# 根据匹配的信息替换
sed -i '/match_info/s/match_string/change_string/g' change_file.txt

删除内容

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# 删除文本中2到5行的内容
sed -i '2,5d' change_file.txt

多点编辑

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# 替换文本中的多个内容
echo "{test_1=1, test_2=2}" | sed -e 's/{//' -e 's/}//' -e 's/,//g'